Haematoprotective Effects of Khaya Senegalensis Stem Bark Extract in a Dextran Sulphate Sodium Induced Rat Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

• Kadiri Michael Ayegbeni

  Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

  Author

• Ojezele Matthew Obaineh

  Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

  Author

• Igben Osu Gold

  Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

  Author

• Efeurhobo Oghenefejiro Dorcas

  Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

  Author

• Imolede Isaac Ohiomoje

  Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

  Author

Background: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a long-lasting disease of the gastrointestinal tract that continues to increase in prevalence around the world. Conventional treatments such as sulfasalazine are problematic in regions where resources are scarce, such as Nigeria, where they experience haematological toxicity, which includes anaemia. In this study, the haematoprotective effect of a traditional medicine, Khaya senegalensis, was investigated to mitigate blood-related pathological changes in a DSS-induced rat model of IBD.

Materials and Methods: Rats were induced with an IBD model with the use of Dextran sulphate Sodium (DSS). The rats were further distributed into 6 groups: a normal control, an untreated DSS group, 2 groups treated with Khaya senegalensis (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg), a sulfasalazine group (500 mg/kg), and a combination group (250 mg/kg sulfasalazine + 100 mg/kg Khaya senegalensis). Hydro-ethanol extract was orally given, and haematological parameters were then determined.

Results: The experiment established that the 200 mg/kg treatment with Khaya senegalensis lowered the white blood cell count significantly as compared to the untreated DSS group (p<0.05). The doses of 200 mg/kg produced substantial adverse alterations in counts of granulocytes, respectively, with mid-sized cells responding to doses in a dose-dependent manner. Parameters of platelets, such as the platelet count, platelet crit (PCT), and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR), also increased significantly in all the treatment groups (p<0.001 to p<0.01). There were no substantial changes in the level of red blood cells and other parameters.

Conclusion: These results suggest that the hydro-ethanol extract of Khaya senegalensis is haematoprotective in the DSS-induced rat model of colitis. The favourable effect of the extract on the main haematological indicators poses the hypothesis about its potential as a natural adjuvant to the treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

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